"During the construction of gravity retaining walls, layers of fill are compacted behind the wall and this compaction process induces lateral stresses within the fill which can act against the back of the wall..." (Section 6.4)

Resources for Chapter 6:

Example 6.1

Example 6.2

Example 6.3

Earth Pressure Coefficients

Exercises

Recently constructed retaining wall.
Livingston. Oct 2005.